Skip to content 🔄 Changing Topic or Returning
- Talking of… / Speaking of… – To change the direction of a conversation, but making a link with what has just been said.
- By the way / Incidentally – To introduce something you just have thought of, or to change the subject.
- As I was saying – Used to return to a previous topic, especially after a digression or interruption.
- As far as (someone) is concerned / As regards / Regarding – To introduce a new topic or shift the focus.
- In any case / Anyway To introduce the idea that what you said before is less important than you are saying now, or return to the main topic after a digression.
- After all - To introduce an argument that the other person may not have considered.
- That is to say - To introduce an explanation or clarification of a point you have just made.
- Furthermore / Moreover / What’s more – To add more support or information.
- In addition (to that) – To introduce extra information.
- Not only that, but… – Adds emphasis when introducing a further point.
- Besides – Adds a new point, often reinforcing an argument.
❗ Emphasizing
- Basically – To highlight the core idea or main point.
- Obviously - To introduce a fact that is very clear to see or understand.
- Indeed / Actually / In fact / As a matter of fact – To stress something unexpected or surprising.
- What I’d really like to stress is…
- It’s important to highlight that…
✏️ Clarifying & Explaining
- I mean – To clarify or give more details.
- That is to say – Introduces an explanation or clarification.
- In other words / To put it another way – To rephrase for better understanding.
- This means that… / To make this clearer…
⚖️ Contrasting & Conceding
- However / Nevertheless / That being said – Show contrast or opposition.
- On the one hand / On the other hand – To balance contrasting points; “on the other hand” can be used alone.
- Although / Even though / While / Whereas – To introduce contrasting ideas.
- In spite of – Indicates contrast despite circumstances.
📍 Giving Examples
- For example / For instance – To introduce an example.
- Namely – Specifies something mentioned earlier.
- Such as – To list specific examples.
- To illustrate – Introduces a clarifying example or scenario.
- As like / Such as - To introduce an example.
➡️ Cause and Effect
- Because / Because of – Shows the reason or cause.
- Due to – Indicates a cause or reason.
- As a result / Therefore / Consequently – Shows the result or effect of something.
🧩 Qualifying / Softening
- At least – Softens a statement or adds a positive point after negative information.
- Otherwise – Shows a different outcome or condition if something doesn’t happen.
🔚 Concluding / Summarizing
- In conclusion / To sum up / Ultimately – Used to close or summarize.
- Overall / All things considered – To express a final general point.
- In summary – Wraps up key ideas.
- All in all - To say that you are taking everything into consideration.
- The key idea is that… / One of the main points is…
🧱 Structuring Ideas
- Firstly / Secondly / Finally – Organize and order points clearly.
- Moreover / Furthermore / In addition – For continuation.
- However / On the other hand – For contrast.
- As a result / Therefore – For cause-effect relationships.
- On the whole - to generalize.